Tithonia + swallowtail (photo by Joy Stewart, Bristol, TN

Mexican sunflower (Tithonia rotundiloba) is a fast growing annual that produces vivid orange-red zinnia-like flowers from early summer to autumn frost. It is native to Mexico and Central America. Dark green leaves remain blemish-free all summer long. Snails and slugs are occasional pests during wet summers or when irrigated overhead.

Plants grow 3-4 feet tall and 2 feet wide by the end of summer, and may reach 5-6 feet high. Its brightly colored summer flowers are supported on strong stemmed plants. Blooms make excellent cutflowers.

As its name hints, Mexican sunflower (tithonia) thrives in hot sunny location and languishes where summer is relatively cool. In the spring do not rush to plant; wait until all dangers of frost has past in your area. Plant in well-drained, moderately fertile soil. Mulch and feed the flower bed with a slow release fertilizer such as Osmocote™ or Nutricote™ at planting time. Staking may be needed if set in a part sun and/or windy location. Those growing in containers may also need some support.

Flowers are butterfly magnets, particularly swallowtails. Monarchs, bees, hummingbirds, and other pollinators visit the blooms for nectar. Generally, deer leave tithonia alone.

Leading cultivars include old-time favorite ‘Fiesta Del Sol’ and ‘Torch’ (series includes orange and yellow cultivars). Established plants, usually after 6-8 weeks in the garden, demonstrate exceptional drought resistance.

Mexican sunflower in late summer